Yes, but not usually to disastrous effect.
Laptop computers are designed to run well in pretty hot conditions- for example, up to 113 degrees Fahrenheit (45 degrees Celsius). They are designed with fans that work hard at keeping air circulating over components under the chassis. A laptop computer will only overheat when it’s pushed outside of its comfortable range of temperature by running graphically demanding applications or when an app locks up the machine. If you use your PC only moderately, don’t live in a desert region without shade, and position your unit so you’re getting some airflow across it then there should be no problem using your laptop while sitting in the sun.